Fire Extinguisher

Fire extinguisher is a fire protecting device used to extinguisher Fires. Fire extinguisher is a portable device which is used to control small fires. It is very crucial for every kind of the organization to install fire extinguisher at their work place in order to avoid destruction or loss. Fire extinguishers act as a blanket over the fire. Fire extinguishers blocks or dent the access of the oxygen top the fire. It cools down the burning substance and saves people from massive destruction. Fire extinguisher device is essential for the safety of the property and life of the people. Fire extinguisher is basically an apparatus that consists of pressure agent with an agent that can extinguish the fire. It is not used to control the fires that has been spread on massive level and that can cause fire explosion.
Different fire extinguisher types like co2 fire extinguisher, DCP fire extinguisher, foam fire extinguisher, wet fire extinguisher, water fire extinguisher act are available in market. Before you buy a fire extinguisher, it is very necessary to know about fire types/classes.

 

Classes of Fire

Class A (Ordinary Combustibles)

Class A fire is caused by material made of paper, wood and textile. Fire extinguishers use pressurized water, foam or multi-purpose dry chemical powder (DCP) to extinguish the Class A fire.

Class B (Flammable Liquids, Greases)

It is caused by liquids, greases such as petrol, diesel or oil.  Fire extinguisher use Foam, carbon dioxide (CO2), dry chemical and multi-purpose dry chemical to extinguish Class B fire.

Class C (Gasses)

Class C fire is caused by gases. Gases may include natural gas, LGP and other type of gases that are flammable. Work with gas is highly dangerous and can cause fire. If the fire is caused by gases, then the best method to extinguish this type of is to use dry powder fire extinguisher.

Class D (Metal)

Metals are not combustible but some types of metal can be combustible like sodium. The fire that is caused by metal can be tackled by using dry powder fire extinguisher. The powder inside the extinguisher can be varied depending on the type of metal that caused the fire.

Class E (Energized Electrical Equipment)

This type of fire is caused by the electrical equipment and electrical appliances. In case the fire is caused by the electrical element then we should not use water to extinguish this type of fire instead we should use the CO2 fire extinguisher or dry powder fire extinguisher.

Class F (cooking Fats and oil)

Spillages of inflammable oil or deep fat frying in kitchens can cause Class F fire. This type of fire can be extinguished by using wet chemical extinguishers.

Types of fire extinguishers

Water Fire Extinguisher:

Water extinguisher is one of the most commonly used fire extinguisher. It is used in Class A fire risk. This type of fire extinguisher uses water to extinguish the fire. Water has cooling effect causing the fire to cool down until the fire is eventually extinguished. Mostly schools, hospitals, offices and warehouses required water extinguisher.

There are some instructions that a fireman must follow.

1. Use upright
2. Pull out the pin.
3. Aims at base of fire.
4. Squeeze levers to operate release to interrupt.

Foam Fire Extinguisher:

It used to extinguish Class B fire but it can also be used to extinguish Class A fire. Foam Fire Extinguisher is used to extinguish fire caused by paper and cardboard, textile, wood and coal plus Flammable liquids, like paint and petrol. Foam extinguisher has cooling effect on fire. The foaming agent on burning liquid creates a blanket between the flame and the fuel, extinguishing the fire. Foam extinguishers are used by hospitals, residential property and buildings where flammable liquids are stored.

Foam Fire Extinguisher are as follows:

1. Hold upright
2. Pull out the safety pin.
3. Aim at the base of fire from a minimum distance of 1M.
4. Squeeze levers release to stop.
5. Do not use if the pressure indicator enters red section.
6. Do not use outside specified temperature range.

DCP Fire Extinguisher:

Dry chemical powder (DCP) fire extinguisher is used to tackle class A, B and C fires. DCP fire extinguisher is not recommended being used in enclose places. This is because the powder can be easily inhaled.  Dry chemical powder (DCP) Fire extinguishers can also be used on some electrical fires. Dry powder extinguishers cool down fires by forming a barrier between the fuel and the oxygen source. Businesses using flammable gases for chemical processes Garage forecourts, premises where welding and flame cutting takes place, businesses with large commercial boiler room and liquid petroleum gas.

Here is how to use DCP Fire Extinguisher:

1. Shake cylinder several times
2. Pull out the safety pin.
3. Squeeze handle and spray on fire.

Co2 Fire Extinguisher:

Carbon dioxide (CO2) Fire extinguisher is used for electrical fire risks and is usually the main fire extinguisher type provided in computer server rooms. Co2 fire extinguisher is used to extinguish Class B fire. CO2 fire extinguisher creates barrier to fires by displacing the oxygen the fire needs to burn. These types of fire extinguishers are used at construction sites and server rooms.

Usage of Co2 fire extinguisher:

1. Hold cylinder upright.
2. Pull out the safety fire pin.
3. Aim at the fire base.
4. Squeeze the lever.

Wet Chemical Fire Extinguisher:

Wet chemical fire extinguishers are only used to extinguish fire caused by class F. these types of fire extinguishers are extremely effective if handles properly. The wet chemical fire extinguisher cools down the flames, chemical reacts to form a soap-like solution, sealing the surface and preventing re-ignition.

Usage of Wet Chemical Fire Extinguisher:

1. Remove safety pin.
2. From 1M aim nozzle at base of fire.
3. Squeeze handles.

Pros & cons of the fire extinguisher

Every kind of the apparatus or devices have some pros and cons. In the section below the pros and cons of fire extinguishers are listed down.

Pros:

Portable:

One of the finest advantage of Fire extinguishers is that they are moveable we can easily move them around to our desired place. We can move the fire extinguisher device easily where the fire incident occurs.

Workable on large Surface Area:

If the fire is controllable than the fire extinguishers can work on a large area to extinguish the fire. The ability of the fire extinguisher to extinguish the fire depend on the capacity of the fire extinguisher.

Work on open fire:

Fire extinguishers are not bounded to any location. It can be used to extinguish the fire at an open place. It is used extinguish the fire that occur in a closed container.

Fire can be extinguished from the distance:

We can extinguish fire using the fire extinguisher from the distance because the discharge range of fire extinguisher is about 6-7 feet.

Cons:

Explosion risk:

Where the fire extinguishers are important for the safety it also has damaging effect. There is a risk that the fire extinguisher can explode. The explosion made from the fire extinguisher can cause damage. So if anyone noticed that fire extinguisher is in bad shape then it is important to contact the technical team immediately.

Fire extinguisher can cause a mess:

The dry chemical used in fire extinguisher when discharged can create a mess.

Fire extinguishers are corrosive:

The dry chemical used in fire extinguisher can be corrosive to the materials made of metal. So the use of fire extinguisher is not suitable to be used for the material made from the metal.

Regular maintenance:

Fire extinguisher need proper and regular maintenance and the maintenance expense can create a burden on the company.

Short discharge time:

The discharge time of the fire extinguisher is very short, so this can be the weak point of the fire extinguisher. Normally the discharge rate of the fire extinguisher is about 8-21 seconds.

Fire Extinguisher Usage

It is very crucial to know about how to use fire extinguisher before installing fire extinguisher device in your workplace. Before installing fire extinguisher in your workplace it is the responsibility of the employer to educate or guide their employees about usage of the fire extinguishers. The employers must practically provide training to the employees. The employer must arrange training sessions in which the trainer can provide demonstration about usage of the fire extinguisher before the employer assign the duties to the employees.

The following steps must be kept in mind when responding to the fire incident.

• Must ensure to make a call to the department dealing with fire.
• Identify the safe path for the evacuation
• Select the appropriate type of fire extinguisher.
• If the extinguisher is empty, then immediately evacuate from there.
• Discharge the extinguisher to cools down the burning substance suing the P.A.S.S technique.

P.A.S.S Technique:

P.A.S.S technique includes the following steps to extinguish the fire.

1. Pull

First the operator has to pull the pin to remove the tamper seal.

2. Aim

Aim low, point the nozzle of the extinguisher at the fire base.

3. Squeeze

 Squeeze the handle for the extinguisher agent to come out.

4. Sweep

At the base of the fire sweep from side to side until fire cools down.

Fire Extinguishers in Pakistan

It is an active device which is used to counter the fire at initial stage. It is used to tackle small fire. When you wanted to buy the extinguishers the question is from where to buy them. They are easily available across major cities of Pakistan. You can purchase different kinds of fire suppressant on best prices from the major cities of Pakistan. Universal Fire Protection is providing the best quality fire suppressant at very cost-effective prices in Rawalpindi, Islamabad, Karachi and Lahore.  If you want to purchase, feel free to contact us to get the quotation.